What does the "first in time, first in right" rule refer to?

The "first in time, first in right" rule refers to the precedence of the first claim on a property. This principle is fundamental in property law and essentially establishes that the first party to establish a legal interest in a property typically has the first claim to it over subsequent parties. When two or more parties assert rights to a property, the individual or entity that first filed a claim, such as a lien or mortgage, will have priority over others who file later.

This concept is particularly important in real estate transactions, where various liens, mortgages, and encumbrances can be placed on a property. By following this rule, legal and financial systems can maintain order and clarity regarding ownership and claims on a particular property. It serves to protect the rights of those who take the initiative to assert their interests first, thus reinforcing the importance of timely and properly filing claims in property transactions.